SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Brito,Denise von Dolinger de; Oliveira,Elias José; Abdallah,Vânia O. Steffen; Darini,Ana Lúcia da Costa; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

We studied an outbreak of two multi-drug resistant clones of Acinetobacter baumannii in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Uberlândia Federal University Hospital in Minas Gerais state, Brazil, and we analyzed the contribution of cross-transmission in the rise in infection rates. Eleven neonates who developed multi-drug resistant A. baumannii nosocomial infection were matched to 22 neonates who were admitted to the same unit and did not develop an infection during the outbreak period, in order to identify risk factors for infection. Three out of the 11 neonates died. Epidemiological investigation included molecular typing, using pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Prior to the outbreak, from December 2001 to March 2002, no case of infection by this...

Analysis of the genetic diversity of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Palavras-chave: Acinetobacter baumannii; Molecular epidemiology; Outbreak; Neonates.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702005000400006

Melo,Geraldo B.; Melo,Michelle C.; Gama,Alexandre P.; Carvalho,Karinne S.; Jesus,Teresa C.; Bonetti,Ana M.; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) are among the most frequent causes of hospital infections worldwide, thus justifying the increasing use of vancomycin. In this study, we evaluated the presence of glycopeptide-resistant staphylococci, in 41 patients hospitalized in the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia in Uberlândia, MG, who were being treated with vancomycin. All isolates were plated on Mueller-Hinton agar containing vancomycin. Vancomycin resistance was confirmed by surface growth after incubation for 24-48 h at 35ºC. Heteroresistance was evaluated by plating with a large inoculum (10(8) CFU/mL). One patient with nephritis who was on a...

Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital

Palavras-chave: Hospital epidemiology; Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus; RAPD-PCR.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822005000200006

Carvalho,Rodolfo Henriques de; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to public health worldwide and is associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Despite the extensive knowledge about this problem, drug resistance has continued to emerge, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of epidemiologically relevant resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), bloodstream infections (BSI) and urinary tract infections (UTI) in patients admitted in the adult intensive care unit (AICU) of the Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Uberlândia, during an one year period. Additionally, at the period of the study, the antibiotic consumption in AICU was verified. Coagulase-negative...

Etiology and pathogenesis of bloodstream infections associated with the use of long-term central vascular catheter (CVC) in patients who undergone gastrointestinal surgery

Palavras-chave: Nosocomial infection; Epidemiology; Multiresistant microorganisms.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822008000400005

Brito,Cristiane Silveira; Gondim,Bruna Amâncio; Diogo Filho,Augusto; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

CVC is the main factor of risk of bloodstream infections. This study purpose was determining both etiology and pathogenesis of these infections in 80 patients who undergone gastrointestinal surgery and who worn long lasting CVC, in the institution HC-UFU. Cultures were made in nostril, skin of the insertion site, tip and catheter hub, in addition to hemoculture in those suspects of sepsis. The colonization incidence rate of the catheter tip was 12.5/ 1,000 catheter days and the CVC associate infection rate was 3.1/1,000 catheter days. Frequencies of skin, hub and catheter tip colonization were 13.8%, 8.9% and 13.3%, respectively. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci were the most found microorganisms in nostril (74%), skin (45.4%) and hub (75%) and...

Genotypic study documents divergence in the pathogenesis of bloodstream infection related central venous catheters in neonates

Palavras-chave: Nosocomial infection; Central vascular catheter; Bloodstream infections.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000100021

Brito,Cristiane Silveira; Ribas,Rosineide Marques; Resende,Daiane Silva; Brito,Denise Von Dolinger de; Abdallah,Vânia Olivetti Steffen; Santos,Kátia Regina Netto dos; Cavalcante,Fernanda Sampaio; Matos,Pricilla Dias Moura de; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogenesis of bloodstream infection by Staphylococcus epidermidis, using the molecular epidemiology, in high-risk neonates. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study of a cohort of neonates with bloodstream infection using central venous catheters for more than 24 h. "National Healthcare Safety Network" surveillance was conducted. Genotyping was performed by DNA fingerprinting and mecA genes and icaAD were detected by multiplex-PCR. RESULTS: From April 2006 to April 2008, the incidence of bloodstream infection and central venous catheter-associated bloodstream infection was 15.1 and 13.0/1000 catheter days, respectively, with S. epidermidis accounting for 42.9% of episodes. Molecular analysis was used to document the...

Infection and colonization by Gram-negative bacilli in neonates hospitalized in High Risk Nursery at Uberlandia Federal University Hospital: etiology, resistant phenotypes and risk factors

Palavras-chave: Neonates; Central venous catheter; Pathogenesis.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702014000400387

Cezário,Renata Cristina; Ribas,Rosineide Marques; Abdallah,Vânia Olivetti Steffen; Carneiro,Claudia Lúcia; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

The aims of this study were to determine endemic and epidemic infection due to Gram-negative bacilli, risk factors associated with colonization and infection by these organisms and the resistance phenotypes (ESBL, AmpC) in neonates admitted in a High Risk Nursery. The study was conducted during a 21 month period and included: a prospective study to evaluate the neonates with hospital infection and the use of third-generation cephalosporins; a case-control study to determine the risk factors associated with colonization/infection. Rectal and oropharynx cultures were also performed in four opportunities (September and November 2001, February and August 2002). The isolates for which the resistance of ceftazidime was 2 mg/mL were suspected of producing ESBL or...

Infection and colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in a high risk nursery of a Brazilian teaching hospital

Palavras-chave: Infection; Colonization; Neonates; Gram-negative bacilli; Resistance phenotype.

Ano: 2004

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822004000200004

Silva,Helisângela de Almeida; Abdallah,Vânia O. Steffen; Carneiro,Cláudia Lúcia; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

Neonates are susceptible to nosocomial infections due to immunological immaturity, prolonged hospital stay and the use of invasive procedures. We evaluated the incidence of infections and the prevalence of colonization by MRSA (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and MSSA (Methilin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus), as well as colonization risk factors. Staphylococcal infections were observed by analyzing medical records in the HICS (Hospital Infection Control Service) and the HRN (High Risk Nursery). Additionally, four inquiries concerning colonization prevalence were made for S. aureus, from January/2000 to December/2002. Clinical specimens from the nostrils, mouth and anus were cultivated in mannitol-salt agar plates and identification was...

Nosocomial bloodstream infections: organisms, risk factors and resistant phenotypes in the Brazilian University Hospital

Palavras-chave: Staphylococcus aureus; Neonates; Infection; Colonization and risk factors.

Ano: 2003

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702003000600005

Ribas,Rosineide M.; Freitas,Claudete; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

Bacteremia is one of the most frequent and challenging hospital-acquired infection and it is associated with high attributable morbidity and mortality and additional use of healthcare resources. The objective of this work was to determine the frequencies of its occurrence, organisms and resistance phenotypes associated to nosocomial acquired bloodstream infections. A total number of 51 nosocomial bacteremia by Gram-negative and 99 by Gram-positive were evaluated and compared during a 15-month period. The risk factors associated with these bacteremias were analyzed and antibiotic use and surgery were associated with bacteremia by Gram-negative and > 2 invasive devices with Gram-positive. The resistance phenotypes ESBL (extended-spectrum beta-lactamases)...

Outbreaks associated to bloodstream infections with Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp in premature neonates in a university hospital from Brazil

Palavras-chave: Nosocomial bacteremia; Resistance phenotypes; Risk factors.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702007000300010

Brito,Denise Von Dolinger de; Oliveira,Elias Jose; Darini,Ana Lúcia da Costa; Abdallah,Vânia Olivetti Steffen; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are among the most important nosocomial pathogens in patients from neonatal intensive care units, mainly in bloodstream infections. The main objective of this study is to determine the occurrence of nosocomial infections by these microorganisms using two surveillance systems (Laboratorial Surveillance and National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System) and to determine the most important risk factors during a two-year period (2001-2002). Two outbreaks by both methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) (1.5%) and methicillin resistant CoNS (MRCoNS) (1.0%) were observed, from January to February/02 and August to September/02. Endemic incidence rates of 3.77% and 5.16% of S. aureus and CoNS,...

Pressure ulcer as a reservoir of multiresistant Gram-negative bacilli: risk factors for colonization and development of bacteremia

Palavras-chave: Polymicrobial; Polyclonal; Outbreaks; Neonates; Staphylococci.

Ano: 2006

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1517-83822006000200001

Braga,Iolanda A.; Brito,Cristiane S.; Diogo Filho,Augusto; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P.; Ribas,Rosineide M..

Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors that predispose patients who are hospitalized with pressure ulcers (PUs) colonized by Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) to develop bacteremia. In addition, we also detected main phenotypes of resistance in infected and uninfected PUs. A prospective cohort study was conducted at the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Uberlândia including patients with Stage II or greater PUs, colonized or not with GNB, from August 2009 to July 2010. Infected ulcers were defined based on clinical signs and on positive evaluation of smears of wound material translated by a ratio of polymorphonuclear cells to epithelial cells ≥2:1, after Giemsa staining. A total of 60 patients with Stage II PUs were...

Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other

Palavras-chave: Pressure ulcer; Gram-negative bacilli; Colonization; Bacteremia.

Ano: 2017

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702017000200171

Risk factors and evolution of Ventilator-associated pneumonia by Staphylococcus aureus sensitive or resistant to oxacillin in patients at the intensive care unit of a Brazilian University Hospital

Moreira,Michel R.; Cardoso,Renata L.; Almeida,Alair B.; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

This study investigated the participation and risk factors of VAP by resistant (ORSA) or sensitive (OSSA) S. aureus to oxacillin and evaluated the implications of adequate or inadequate empirical antimicrobial therapeutics in its evolution in patients interned in a mixing ICU of adults. A patient control-case study with PAVs by ORSA and OSSA was carried out from May 2005 to April 2007 involving 993 patients. VAP was defined based on clinical, radiological, and microbiological (> 106 CFU/mL count in the tracheal aspirate) criteria. Four hundred and seventy four (47.7%) patients were submitted to mechanical ventilation with 141 (29.7%) VAPs, with S. aureus as the most frequent agent (41.2%). The phenotype ORSA accounted for 47.5% and OSSA for 52.5%,...

Spread of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa clones in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in an adult intensive care unit at a university hospital

Palavras-chave: Ventilator-associated pneumonia; Hospital infection; Staphylococcus aureus; Resistant microorganisms.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702008000600011

Royer,Sabrina; Faria,Ana Luiza Souza; Seki,Liliane Miyuki; Chagas,Thiago Pavoni Gomes; Campos,Paola Amaral de; Batistão,Deivid William da Fonseca; Asensi,Marise Dutra; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P.; Ribas,Rosineide Marques.

Background:In Brazil, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by carbapenem resis- tant Acinetobacter baumanniiand Pseudomonas aeruginosaisolates are associated with signiﬁcant mortality, morbidity and costs. Studies on the clonal relatedness of these isolates could lay the foundation for effective infection prevention and control programs.Objectives: We sought to study the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of A. baumannii vs. P. aeruginosaVAP in an adult intensive care unit (ICU).Methods: It was conducted a cohort study of patients with VAP caused by carbapenem resistant A. baumanniiand P'. aeruginosaduring 14 months in an adult ICU. Genomic studies were used to investigate the clonal relatedness of carbapenem resistant OXA-23-producing...

Two outbreaks of mixed etiology associated with central venous catheters inserted by phlebotomy in critical neonates

Palavras-chave: Acinetobacter baumannii; Intensive care unit; Molecular epidemiology; Multidrug-resistant.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702015000400350

Brito,Denise V.D. de; von Dolinger,Elias J.O.; Abdallah,Vânia O.S.; Darini,Ana Lúcia C.; Gontijo Filho,Paulo P..

Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci are the main cause of sepsis in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Central venous catheters (CVCs) are an important part of critical neonates' treatment and are associated with sepsis. The aim of this study was to investigate two outbreaks caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis associated with CVC inserted by phlebotomy in critical neonates. The surveillance was performed from January 2001 to December 2005 at the Brazilian NICU. The genotypic analysis of oxacillin susceptible S. aureus (OSSA) and oxacillin resistant S. epidermidis (ORSE) was performed based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Staphylococcus was the most frequent pathogen (65.8%) with highest...

Vancomycin-resistant van a phenotype Enterococcus faecalis: first case in Minas Gerais state and epidemiological considerations

Palavras-chave: Outbreak; Central venous catheter; Neonates.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702009000300005